feat(schedule): 任务支持「每天定时 / 每周定时」，用选择器而不是手写 cron

- schedule.py: 新增调度计算模块（纯函数，便于单测）。三种模式：interval（每 N 分钟）/ daily（选钟点）/ weekly（选星期 + 钟点）
- 钟点模式是「固定时刻」而非「固定延迟」——从日历重算，所以某轮跑晚了不会把之后每一轮都拖晚。interval 保持原语义：从上一轮开始计时
- 抖动只加给 interval。给「每天 9:00」也加抖动就成了 9:00–9:01 随机触发，操作者选的时间被悄悄改掉，只会像 bug
- 模型 / schema / service: 新增 schedule_mode / schedule_hours / schedule_days / schedule_minute。时钟字段存逗号分隔文本——几个小整数、永远整体读写，单开一张表只会换来 join。interval_minutes 保留且仍是默认值，已有任务不受影响
- service: 改动任何调度字段都按合并后的状态重算 next_run_at。重新启用也算改动，否则停用一个月再打开会带着一个月前的 next_run_at，一保存就立即触发
- 前端: 运行方式三选一 + 小时/星期胶囊多选 + 分钟下拉，并实时预览结果句子。任务卡片改显示后端拼好的 schedule_label，避免列表和编辑器对同一计划给出两种说法
- 校验: 钟点模式至少选一个时间，按周至少选一个星期

tests/test_schedule.py 新增 24 个用例，含「恰好等于当前时刻的档位归属下一天」这个会让调度器自循环的边界。

webui/src/components/monitor/TaskCard.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { Bell, CalendarClock, Pencil, Play, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react'
 import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge'
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
 import { useDeleteTask, useRunTaskNow, useUpdateTask } from '@/hooks/useMonitor'
-import { formatInterval, formatRelative } from '@/lib/monitorFormat'
+import { formatRelative } from '@/lib/monitorFormat'
 import type { MonitorTask } from '@/types/monitor'
 
 interface TaskCardProps {
@@ -82,7 +82,8 @@ export function TaskCard({ task, selected, onSelect, onEdit }: TaskCardProps) {
             <span>
               目标 <span className="text-cyber-neon-cyan">{task.target_count}</span> 个
             </span>
-            <span>间隔 {formatInterval(task.interval_minutes)}</span>
+            {/* 由后端拼好，列表和编辑弹窗因此不会对同一个计划给出两种说法 */}
+            <span>{task.schedule_label}</span>
             <span className="flex items-center gap-1">
               <CalendarClock className="w-3 h-3" />
               {task.enabled ? formatRelative(task.next_run_at) : '已暂停'}

webui/src/components/monitor/TaskEditorDialog.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useEffect, useState } from 'react'
+import { useEffect, useState, type ReactNode } from 'react'
 
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button'
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox'
@@ -20,7 +20,13 @@ import {
   SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select'
 import { useCreateTask, useSettings, useUpdateTask } from '@/hooks/useMonitor'
-import type { MonitorMode, MonitorTask, TaskCreatePayload } from '@/types/monitor'
+import { describeSchedule } from '@/lib/monitorFormat'
+import type {
+  MonitorMode,
+  MonitorTask,
+  ScheduleMode,
+  TaskCreatePayload,
+} from '@/types/monitor'
 
 interface TaskEditorDialogProps {
   open: boolean
@@ -44,6 +50,48 @@ const INTERVAL_OPTIONS = [
   { value: '10080', label: '7 天' },
 ]
 
+const SCHEDULE_MODE_OPTIONS: Array<{ value: ScheduleMode; label: string }> = [
+  { value: 'interval', label: '固定间隔' },
+  { value: 'daily', label: '每天定时' },
+  { value: 'weekly', label: '每周定时' },
+]
+
+const HOURS = Array.from({ length: 24 }, (_, hour) => hour)
+const MINUTES = Array.from({ length: 60 }, (_, minute) => minute)
+const WEEKDAYS = ['周一', '周二', '周三', '周四', '周五', '周六', '周日']
+const pad = (value: number) => String(value).padStart(2, '0')
+
+function toggleNumber(values: number[], value: number): number[] {
+  return values.includes(value)
+    ? values.filter((item) => item !== value)
+    : [...values, value].sort((a, b) => a - b)
+}
+
+/** A selectable pill. Used for the hours of the day and the weekdays. */
+function Chip({
+  active,
+  onClick,
+  children,
+}: {
+  active: boolean
+  onClick: () => void
+  children: ReactNode
+}) {
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      onClick={onClick}
+      className={`px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded border text-[10px] font-mono transition-colors ${
+        active
+          ? 'border-cyber-neon-cyan/60 bg-cyber-neon-cyan/20 text-cyber-neon-cyan'
+          : 'border-cyber-border-DEFAULT text-cyber-text-muted hover:text-cyber-text-secondary'
+      }`}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </button>
+  )
+}
+
 export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogProps) {
   const isEdit = Boolean(task)
   const createTask = useCreateTask()
@@ -53,6 +101,10 @@ export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogP
   const [name, setName] = useState('')
   const [mode, setMode] = useState<MonitorMode>('creator')
   const [intervalMinutes, setIntervalMinutes] = useState('360')
+  const [scheduleMode, setScheduleMode] = useState<ScheduleMode>('interval')
+  const [scheduleHours, setScheduleHours] = useState<number[]>([])
+  const [scheduleDays, setScheduleDays] = useState<number[]>([])
+  const [scheduleMinute, setScheduleMinute] = useState('0')
   const [maxNotes, setMaxNotes] = useState('20')
   const [enableComments, setEnableComments] = useState(true)
   const [maxComments, setMaxComments] = useState('50')
@@ -69,6 +121,10 @@ export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogP
     setIntervalMinutes(
       String(task?.interval_minutes ?? settings?.values['collect.default_interval_minutes'] ?? 360),
     )
+    setScheduleMode(task?.schedule_mode ?? 'interval')
+    setScheduleHours(task?.schedule_hours ?? [])
+    setScheduleDays(task?.schedule_days ?? [])
+    setScheduleMinute(String(task?.schedule_minute ?? 0))
     setMaxNotes(
       String(task?.max_notes_count ?? settings?.values['collect.default_max_notes'] ?? 20),
     )
@@ -85,17 +141,35 @@ export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogP
     .map((value) => value.trim())
     .filter(Boolean)
 
+  // Switching into a clock mode with nothing chosen would be invalid, so seed a
+  // sensible starting point -- the operator then edits rather than fills a blank.
+  const selectScheduleMode = (next: ScheduleMode) => {
+    setScheduleMode(next)
+    if (next !== 'interval' && scheduleHours.length === 0) setScheduleHours([9])
+    if (next === 'weekly' && scheduleDays.length === 0) setScheduleDays([0, 1, 2, 3, 4])
+  }
+
   const pending = createTask.isPending || updateTask.isPending
   // Note-mode and creator-mode targets are different shapes, so switching mode
   // would silently mis-parse the list. The backend decides parsing from the
   // task's stored mode, hence mode is fixed once created.
-  const canSubmit = name.trim().length > 0 && targetList.length > 0 && !pending
+  const clockIncomplete =
+    scheduleMode !== 'interval' &&
+    (scheduleHours.length === 0 || (scheduleMode === 'weekly' && scheduleDays.length === 0))
+  const canSubmit =
+    name.trim().length > 0 && targetList.length > 0 && !pending && !clockIncomplete
 
   const handleSubmit = () => {
     const payload: TaskCreatePayload = {
       name: name.trim(),
       mode,
       interval_minutes: Number(intervalMinutes),
+      schedule_mode: scheduleMode,
+      // Interval mode has no clock times, so send none rather than leave stale
+      // ones behind from a mode the operator tried and abandoned.
+      schedule_hours: scheduleMode === 'interval' ? [] : scheduleHours,
+      schedule_days: scheduleMode === 'weekly' ? scheduleDays : [],
+      schedule_minute: Number(scheduleMinute),
       max_notes_count: Number(maxNotes),
       enable_comments: enableComments,
       max_comments_count: Number(maxComments),
@@ -159,6 +233,28 @@ export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogP
               )}
             </div>
 
+            <div className="space-y-2">
+              <Label className="text-xs font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">运行计划</Label>
+              <div className="flex gap-1">
+                {SCHEDULE_MODE_OPTIONS.map((option) => (
+                  <button
+                    key={option.value}
+                    type="button"
+                    onClick={() => selectScheduleMode(option.value)}
+                    className={`flex-1 rounded border px-1 py-1.5 text-[10px] font-mono transition-colors ${
+                      scheduleMode === option.value
+                        ? 'border-cyber-neon-cyan/60 bg-cyber-neon-cyan/20 text-cyber-neon-cyan'
+                        : 'border-cyber-border-DEFAULT text-cyber-text-muted hover:text-cyber-text-secondary'
+                    }`}
+                  >
+                    {option.label}
+                  </button>
+                ))}
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          </div>
+
+          {scheduleMode === 'interval' ? (
             <div className="space-y-2">
               <Label className="text-xs font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">采集间隔</Label>
               <Select value={intervalMinutes} onValueChange={setIntervalMinutes}>
@@ -173,8 +269,82 @@ export function TaskEditorDialog({ open, onOpenChange, task }: TaskEditorDialogP
                   ))}
                 </SelectContent>
               </Select>
+              <p className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-muted">
+                从上一轮<span className="text-cyber-text-secondary">开始</span>计时，
+                所以某轮跑得久也不会让下一轮紧接着触发。
+              </p>
             </div>
-          </div>
+          ) : (
+            <div className="space-y-3 rounded-md border border-cyber-border-subtle bg-cyber-bg-tertiary/40 p-3">
+              {scheduleMode === 'weekly' && (
+                <div className="space-y-1.5">
+                  <div className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">星期</div>
+                  <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
+                    {WEEKDAYS.map((label, day) => (
+                      <Chip
+                        key={day}
+                        active={scheduleDays.includes(day)}
+                        onClick={() => setScheduleDays((prev) => toggleNumber(prev, day))}
+                      >
+                        {label}
+                      </Chip>
+                    ))}
+                  </div>
+                </div>
+              )}
+
+              <div className="space-y-1.5">
+                <div className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">
+                  时间（可多选，点一次选中、再点取消）
+                </div>
+                <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1">
+                  {HOURS.map((hour) => (
+                    <Chip
+                      key={hour}
+                      active={scheduleHours.includes(hour)}
+                      onClick={() => setScheduleHours((prev) => toggleNumber(prev, hour))}
+                    >
+                      {pad(hour)}
+                    </Chip>
+                  ))}
+                </div>
+              </div>
+
+              <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">分钟</span>
+                <Select value={scheduleMinute} onValueChange={setScheduleMinute}>
+                  <SelectTrigger className="h-7 w-20 text-xs">
+                    <SelectValue />
+                  </SelectTrigger>
+                  <SelectContent className="max-h-56">
+                    {MINUTES.map((minute) => (
+                      <SelectItem key={minute} value={String(minute)}>
+                        {pad(minute)}
+                      </SelectItem>
+                    ))}
+                  </SelectContent>
+                </Select>
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-muted">
+                  所有时间点共用
+                </span>
+              </div>
+
+              <div className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 border-t border-cyber-border-subtle pt-2">
+                <span className="text-[11px] font-mono text-cyber-neon-cyan">
+                  {describeSchedule(
+                    scheduleMode,
+                    Number(intervalMinutes),
+                    scheduleHours,
+                    scheduleDays,
+                    Number(scheduleMinute),
+                  )}
+                </span>
+                <span className="text-[10px] font-mono text-cyber-text-muted">
+                  按服务器本地时间
+                </span>
+              </div>
+            </div>
+          )}
 
           <div className="space-y-2">
             <Label className="text-xs font-mono text-cyber-text-secondary">

webui/src/lib/monitorFormat.ts

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 /** Formatting helpers for the monitoring dashboard. */
 
+import type { ScheduleMode } from '@/types/monitor'
+
 /** Compact count for display: mirrors how the platform itself abbreviates. */
 export function formatCount(value: number | null | undefined): string {
   if (value === null || value === undefined) return '—'
@@ -42,3 +44,37 @@ export function formatInterval(minutes: number): string {
   if (minutes % 60 === 0) return `${minutes / 60} 小时`
   return `${minutes} 分钟`
 }
+
+const WEEKDAY_NAMES = '一二三四五六日'
+
+/**
+ * Preview of a schedule, for the editor only.
+ *
+ * The task list renders the backend's own `schedule_label` instead. This exists
+ * so the current selection can be read back before it is saved -- which means the
+ * two are the same sentence written twice, and a change to one belongs in both.
+ */
+export function describeSchedule(
+  mode: ScheduleMode,
+  intervalMinutes: number,
+  hours: number[],
+  days: number[],
+  minute: number,
+): string {
+  const pad = (value: number) => String(value).padStart(2, '0')
+  const sorted = (values: number[]) => [...values].sort((a, b) => a - b)
+
+  if (mode === 'interval') return `每 ${formatInterval(intervalMinutes)}`
+  if (hours.length === 0) return '未设置时间'
+
+  const clock = sorted(hours)
+    .map((hour) => `${pad(hour)}:${pad(minute)}`)
+    .join('、')
+
+  if (mode === 'daily' || days.length === 0) return `每天 ${clock}`
+
+  const labels = sorted(days)
+    .map((day) => `周${WEEKDAY_NAMES[day]}`)
+    .join('、')
+  return `${labels} ${clock}`
+}

webui/src/types/monitor.ts

@@ -28,6 +28,14 @@ export interface MonitorTarget {
   enabled: boolean
 }
 
+/**
+ * How a task is scheduled.
+ *
+ * All three are expressible with pickers. A cron string is deliberately not
+ * supported -- it is a small language to learn just to say "every day at nine".
+ */
+export type ScheduleMode = 'interval' | 'daily' | 'weekly'
+
 export interface MonitorTask {
   id: number
   name: string
@@ -35,6 +43,15 @@ export interface MonitorTask {
   mode: MonitorMode
   enabled: boolean
   interval_minutes: number
+  schedule_mode: ScheduleMode
+  /** 0-23. Empty in interval mode. */
+  schedule_hours: number[]
+  /** 0-6 with Monday = 0, matching Python's `date.weekday()`. Weekly only. */
+  schedule_days: number[]
+  /** Minute past the hour, shared by every time in the schedule. */
+  schedule_minute: number
+  /** Composed by the backend, so the list and the editor cannot disagree. */
+  schedule_label: string
   max_notes_count: number
   enable_comments: boolean
   max_comments_count: number
@@ -195,6 +212,10 @@ export interface TaskCreatePayload {
   name: string
   mode: MonitorMode
   interval_minutes: number
+  schedule_mode: ScheduleMode
+  schedule_hours: number[]
+  schedule_days: number[]
+  schedule_minute: number
   max_notes_count: number
   enable_comments: boolean
   max_comments_count: number